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Metoclopramide HCl is an antiemetic and GI
stimulatory drug, whose mechanism of action is not well understood. It seems
to act on the dopamine receptors in the brain, which results in a stimulation
of the GI tract motility. This drug indeed affects the lower esophageal
sphincter, preventing vomiting; stimulates contractions of the stomach,
resulting in the accelerated emptying into the intestine; and increases the
duodenal and jejunal peristalsis, without stimulating the gastric, pancreatic
or biliary secretions. The colon peristalsis is barely affected by this drug. Since the body adapts to the presence of a gut
motility drug, and stops producing its own molecules that normally stimulate
the GI tract, it is advisable not to stop the administration of gut motility
drugs abruptly. If so, the onset of stasis is often observed. Their dose
should be decreased daily over a period of a week or more, so that the body
can start the production of its own molecules/hormones gradually again.
The use of GI stimulatory drugs may affect the
absorption of other administrated drugs: ·
decreased
absorption of drugs dissolved in the
stomach, ·
increased
absorption of drugs dissolved in the intestine. This is particularly the case
of aspirin, cimetidine, diazepam, tetracycline, sedatives, tranquilisers or
narcotics. Some drugs are incompatible with the use of
metoclopramide HCL. This is the case of: ·
antibiotics
like penicillin G potassium or tetracycline (this also applies to antibiotics
that should not be used in rabbits, namely ampicillin or erythromycin), ·
calcium gluconate, ·
cephalotin sodium, ·
chloramphenicol sodium succinate, ·
sodium bicarbonate. Dosage safe for use in rabbits: 0.5 mg/kg tid - qid, PO, SC. |
to understand the
meaning of the medical abbreviations, click here.
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