Restraint or pre anesthetic agents for use in rabbits
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Name of drug |
Dosage |
Method
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Remarks |
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Acepromazine |
0.1 – 0.5 mg/kg up to 1-2 mg/kg |
SC, IM, IV |
Mild to moderate
sedation No analgesic
properties Can cause
hypotension and hypothermia |
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Atropine |
0.1 – 0-5 mg/kg |
SC, IM |
Useless in a high
proportion of rabbits, due to the presence of serum atropinase. It helps reduce
salivation, bronchial secretions, and avoids vagal induced bradycardia. |
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40 - 50 mg/kg up to 3 mg/kg, SC in atropinase
positive rabbits |
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Butorphanol/ acepromazine |
1 mg/kg /
0.5 mg/kg |
IM |
Moderate sedation Peripheral vasodilatation Butorphanol
provides analgesia. Caution is needed
in case of dehydration, or in rabbits suffering from cardiovascular diseases. |
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Chlorpromazine |
20 -
25 mg/kg |
IM |
Mild to moderate
sedation No analgesic
properties Can cause
hypotension and hypothermia |
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Diazepam |
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Moderate to deep
sedation IV administration
may lead to thrombophlebitis. |
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Fentanyl/Droperidol |
0.2 mg/kg |
IM |
Moderate to deep
sedation Good analgesic
properties Painful injection Can induce
bradycardia |
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Fentanyl/Fluanisone |
0.3 – 0.5 ml/kg |
SC, IM |
Moderate to heavy
sedation This agent has
some analgesic properties. |
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Ketamine |
10 - 50 mg/kg |
IM |
Mild to heavy
sedation Moderate to good
analgesia, enough for small surgery. High dosage may
induce respiratory depression or muscular stiffness |
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Ketamine/ Acepromazine |
40 mg/kg/ 0.5 – 1 mg/kg |
IM |
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Glycopyrrolate
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5 – 11 mg/kg, up to 40 mg/kg |
IV |
Advised with
rabbits suffering from respiratory diseases. It helps reduce salivation,
bronchial secretions, and avoids vagal induced bradycardia. |
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100 mg/kg |
SC, IM |
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Medetomidine |
0.1 – 0.5 mg/kg |
SC, IM |
Mild to profound
sedation Good analgesic
properties Should be avoided
in rabbits with health problems, due to respiratory and cardiovascular
depression properties of this compound. Venipuncture is
difficult due to vasoconstriction of the veins. |
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Meperidine |
10 mg/kg |
IM, IV, IP |
Sedation Analgesic
properties Higher dosages
can lead to respiratory depression |
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Midazolam |
2 mg/kg |
IM, IV |
Moderate to deep
sedation Compound
dissolves in water |
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Morphine |
2 - 5 mg/kg |
SC, IM |
Sedation Analgesic
properties Higher dosages
can lead to respiratory depression |
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Oxymorphone |
0.05 – 0.2 mg/kg |
SC |
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Xylazine |
1 - 3 mg/kg |
IV |
Mild to profound
sedation Light analgesia Should be avoided
in rabbits with health problems, due to respiratory and cardiovascular
depression properties of this compound. Venipuncture is
difficult due to vasoconstriction of the veins. |
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5 mg/kg |
IM |
to understand the meaning of the
abbreviations, click here.
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Further information Flecknell
P. BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery, Gloucester, UK: British Small
Animal Veterinary Association, 2000. Harcourt-BrownOxford
F. Textbook of Rabbit Medicine, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001 Hillyer
E.V. and Quesenberry K.E. Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine
and Surgery, New York: WB Saunders Co., 1997 Laber-Laird K. Handbook of Rabbit and Rodent Medicine, Pergamon
Veterinary Handbook Series) Butterworth Heinemann, 1996.
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