Anesthetic and
reversal drugs for use in rabbits
|
Name of drug |
Dosage |
Route
|
Remarks |
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
Acepromazine/
Ketamine/ Xylazine |
1 mg/kg
35 mg/kg
5 mg/kg |
IM |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 45 75
min. Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 100 150 min. |
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|
Alphaxalone/
Alphadolone |
6 9 mg/kg |
IV |
Light anesthesia lasting 20 - 40 min. Respiratory depression is observed at
higher doses Sleep time: 10 20 min. |
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|
Butorphanol/
Ketamine/
Xylazine |
0.1 mg/kg 50 mg/kg 5 mg/kg |
IM |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 60 90
min. Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 120 180 min. |
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|
Butorphanol/ Ketamine/ Medetomidine |
0.4 mg/kg 15 mg/kg 0.25 mg/kg |
IM |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 60 90
min. Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 120 180 min. |
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|
Enflurane |
to effect |
inhalant |
Anesthetic gas of choice for rabbit
surgery MAC = 2.9% |
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|
Fentanyl/Droperidol |
0.2 mg/kg |
SC |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 30 to 40
min. Muscular relaxation Can induce bradycardia Sleep time: 90 240 min. |
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|
Fentanyl/Fluanosone/ Diazepam |
0.3 ml/kg 2 mg/kg |
IM IM, IV |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 20 to 40
min. Muscular relaxation Sleeping time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Fentanyl/Fluanosone/ Midazolam |
0.3 ml/kg 2 mg/kg |
IM IM, IV |
Surgical anesthesia lasting 20 to 40
min. Muscular relaxation Sleeping time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Halothane |
Induction: 3 4% Maintenance: 1 2% |
inhalant |
Anesthetic induction or maintenance Cardiovascular depression |
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|
Isoflurane |
Induction: 3 - 5% Maintenance: 1.5 1.75% |
inhalant |
Anesthetic gas of choice for rabbit
surgery MAC = 2.05% |
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|
Ketamine |
25 60 mg/kg 10 - 20 mg/kg |
SC,
IM IV |
Short surgical anesthesia (20 min.) High dosage may induce respiratory
depression or muscular stiffness Important salivary and bronchial secretions |
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|
Ketamine/ Acepromazine |
50 mg/kg 1 mg/kg |
IM |
Short surgical anesthesia (20 - 30
min.) Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Ketamine/
Diazepam |
|
|
Short surgical anesthesia (20 - 30
min.) Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Ketamine/ Medetomidine |
15 mg/kg 0.25
mg/kg |
SC |
Short surgical anesthesia (20 - 30
min.) Muscular relaxation Sleep time: 90 180 min. |
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|
Ketamine/
Xylazine |
35 mg/kg 5 mg/kg |
SC, IM IV |
Short surgical anesthesia (20 - 30
min.) High dosage may induce bradycardia and
muscular stiffness Important salivary and bronchial
secretions Sleep time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Lidocaine |
1.5%: 0.4 ml/kg 10%: topical to glottis |
|
Epidural anesthesia Facilitated intubation |
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|
Medetomidine Reversal: Atipemazole |
0.250 mg/kg 0.05 mg/kg |
SC IV |
Should be avoided in rabbits with
health issues, due to respiratory and cardiovascular depression properties of
this compound. Venipuncture is difficult due to
vasoconstriction of the veins. |
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|
Methoxyflurane |
Induction: 3% Maintenance: 0.401% |
inhalant |
Anesthetic induction or maintenance Good muscular relaxation Less pronounced cardiovascular
depression than for halothane |
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|
Nalorphine |
0.01 0.1 mg/kg |
IV |
Narcotic reversal |
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|
Naloxone |
1 - 5 mg/kg |
IV |
Narcotic reversal |
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|
Pentobarbitone |
20 - 45 mg/kg |
IV |
Light to medium plane anesthesia (20 -
30 min.) Best avoided in rabbits, due to
respiratory and cardiac arrest at higher doses Sleep time: 60 120 min. |
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|
Propofol |
8 - 12 mg/kg |
IV |
Short light anesthesia (5 - 10 min.) Respiratory depression depends on used
dose No analgesic properties Smooth recovery Sleep time: 10 15 min. |
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|
Sevoflurane |
to effect |
inhalant |
Anesthetic gas of choice for rabbit
surgery MAC = 3.7% |
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Thiopenthal
|
30 45 mg/kg |
IV |
Ultra short surgical anesthesia (5 10
min.); given to effect Light analgesia Important salivary and bronchial
secretions Possible respiratory failure Sleep time: 10 15 min. |
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|
Tiletamine/Zolazepam |
10 25 mg/kg |
IM |
Should be avoided for use in rabbits,
due to possible renal tubular necrosis, except when used intranasally (10
mg/kg) |
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|
Yohimbine |
0.2 1.0 mg/kg |
IM, IV |
Xylazine reversal |
to understand the meaning of the abbreviations, click here.
Further information Brammer DW, Doerning BJ, Chrisp CE, Rush HG. Anesthetic
and nephrotoxic effects of Telazol in New Zealand white rabbits. Lab Anim
Sci. 1991; 41:432-5. Doerning BJ, Brammer DW, Chrisp CE, Rush HG.
Nephrotoxicity of tiletamine in New Zealand white rabbits. Lab Anim Sci.
1992; 42:267-9. Flecknell P. BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery,
Gloucester, UK: British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2000. Harcourt-Brown F, Textbook of Rabbit
Medicine, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001. Hillyer E.V. and Quesenberry K.E.
Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, New York: WB
Saunders Co., 1997. Laber-Laird
K. Handbook of Rabbit and Rodent Medicine, Pergamon Veterinary Handbook
Series) Butterworth Heinemann, 1996. Robertson SA, Eberhart S. Efficacy of the intranasal route for administration of anesthetic agents to adult rabbits. Lab Anim Sci. 1994; 44:159-65. |
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5 OCTOBER 2003
updated: September 2005