Bacterial causes:

Urinary tract infection (UTI), by Pasteurella spp, Staphylococcus spp., or other bacteria

Cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)

Pyelonephritis (infection of the kidney)

Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Neoplastic causes

Presence of polyps in the uterus or in the bladder

Uterine adenocarcinoma

Endometrial hyperplasia

 Blood vessel related causes:

Uterine endometrial aneurysm

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Mechanical causes:

Urolithiasis or the presence of kidney or bladder stones

Renal infarcts

Dystocia (difficult labor or birth)

Obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction

Bladder anomalies

Renal cortical necrosis

 Plant related causes:

Related to plant pigments in the food. No true hematuria